The history and development of basketball game

The history and development of basketball game basketball game created by prof. Dr. . James A. Naismith one physical education teacher Young Mens Christian Association ( YMCA ) Springfield , Massachusetts , United States in 1891 . The idea is to encourage the establishment of branch olahragabaru this is the fact that at that time the membership and visitors to the school were increasingly degenerate . The main reason was the tedium of the members in participating in exercise Senamyang stiff movements . In addition, the perceived need in the winter to keep exercise interesting increasingly urgent . Dr. . Luther Gulick , head of the sports supervisor at the school is aware of the unfavorable symptoms and immediately contacted Prof . Dr. . James A. Naismith , and gave him the task to draw up a new sporting activity that can be played indoors in the afternoon . In welcoming the duties Nasimith formulate an idea that fit the needs of an enclosed space that is a game that is not so hard , there is no element menendan , tackle and interesting and not difficult to learn . The first step , tested it spin out of the game Football , Baseball , and Football Lacrose . But none that match the demands. Because in addition to difficult to learn , also the game is still too hard to play in tertutupyang lighted room . From the results of the experiments conducted akhrinya Naismith came to the conclusion that the new game should use round shaped ball , not tackle , and the goal should be to eliminate the target . To tame the ball instead of kicking done by hand and pass the motion dribbling ( dribbling ) as the peak of excitement , the goal is replaced with another target narrow and located on top of the players , so that the target object such preferential treatment is not in the power of the shot as it happens at the time of kick , but the shot accuracy . Naismith was originally going to use a wooden box for the target shot , but since that time there was only a trial conducted basket ( basketball ) peaches empty , then finally shot basket that is being targeted . From the words of this basketball game then newly discovered Prof . Dr. . James A. Naismith Basketball is called . Some important records in the development of basketball . 1 . 1891 : Prof . Dr. . James A. Naismith invented the game of Basketball 2 . 1892 : For the first time Naismith introduced the game to the public 's Basketball ( USA ) 3 . 1894 : Prof . Dr. . And Dr. James A. Naismith . Luther Gulick for the first time issued an official game rules . 4 . 1895 : The word Basketball is officially accepted and incorporated into the English vocabulary . 5 . 1913 : For the first time held Far Eastern Basketball Championship . On occasion Phillipina team beat China . 6 . 1918 : U.S. occupation troops and members of the YMCA Basketball game introduced in many European countries . 7 . 1919 : In the Military Olympics in Joinville , Basketball game is one sport that is contested . 8 . 1932 : For the first time held the Basketball Congress held in Geneva Switzerland . The participants are : Argentina , Czechoslovakia , Greece , Italy , Portugal , Romania and Switzerland . The resulting critical decisions is the formation of the International Basketball Federation - Federation International de Basketball ( FIBA ) 9 . 1933 : For the first time the World Basketball Championship diselnggarakan Students in Turin - Italy . 10 . 1935 : In the Congress of the International Olympic Committee , Basketball is accepted as one of the numbers Olympic Games . 11 . 1936 : For the first time competed in the Olympic Basketball Berlin . Twenty- two countries participated . Champion is the USA , Canada and Mexico . 12 . 1939 : Prof . Dr. . James A. Naismith died . Basketball developments in Indonesia Amidst the turmoil of the revolution in defense of the independence of the nation which has seized it , Basketball game known by a small fraction of the Indonesian people , especially those in struggle town and administrative center Rakyat Indonesia , Yogyakarta and the nearby city of Solo . Apparently , the threat of the sword and cannon invaders do not become a barrier for Indonesia to participate in sports , including Basketball game . Even with doing the sports activities of the Indonesian nation fighting spirit to defend their homeland from the threat of penjajahyang want back in power the more steely . Proven in September 1948 , held in the city of Solo National Sports Week ( PON ) Pertamayang fight for some sports , including Basketball . Participate in these activities several teams , among others : Poro Solo, Yogyakarta and pore Sarangan Sports Academy . Know Basketball Game Basketball Game played by two opposing teams . Every team is doing on the ground game consists of 5 people , while substitute no more than 7 people , so that each team consists of at most 12 players . Basketball game played on a hard court deliberately held to it, both in the open field or in a closed room . In essence , every team has a chance to put the ball menyerangdan as many baskets as much as possible themselves for not conceding . Broadly speaking Basketball game is done by using the three basic elements of technique into the game , namely : passing and catching the ball ( pasing and catching ) , dribbling ( dribbling ) , and shooting ( shooting ) . The third element of the technique was developed into dozens of advanced techniques that allow the game of Basketball and varied life . For example , the technique of passing and catching the ball , there are several ways such as : repulsion chest (chest pass ) , repulsion at the top of the head ( overhead pass ) , repulsion reflection ( bounce pass ) , and so forth . In the series of this technique , also known as the pivot designation at the time of holding the ball , moving one leg and the other foot remains on the floor seabgai pedestal . Dribbling technique is closely related to traveling , the movement of the foot that is considered wrong because it exceeds the allowed steps . Also double dribble a hand movement that banned due dribble with both hands or dribble a second time after the ball with both hands occupied . Shooting technique is closely related to feinting , jump , block , and so forth . So many games techniques that must be mastered by a Basketball player , so it is difficult to be specified one by one in this paper . However, by mastering three principal elements of the technique tadiserta some sequel , someone has to do a Basketball game , although not perfect . Conditions of play and compete . As described above Basketball game played by two teams , each consisting of 5 players . Referee which led consists of 2 one who is constantly changing position . Official playing time of 2 x 20 minute clean , not including a 10-minute rest period , a time-out , two times for each team each half for 1 minute , at the turn of the player and the referee or the whistle sounded as the ball out of the park or a violation / errors such as foul and traveling . If the match official ( referred to here is not a friendly ) collection occurs the same number , so round extended time ( every 5 minutes ) until a difference in numbers. Especially for a game that is destined Mini Basketball children under the age of 13 years , imposed its own rules rather different , among others : the ball used is smaller and lighter , the installation of the lower basket , game time 4 x 10 minutes with 3 times and other breaks again as in the case of replacement players . Game rules are used very dependent rather than rule PERBAIS / FIBA where applicable . For example, in 1984 , the game rules are applicable Game Rules PERBASI / FIBA years 1980-1984 . Tools and Field Equipment Based Game Rules PERBASI / FIBA years 1980 - 1984 , tools and field equipment consists of : 1 . Basketball Made of rubber coated bloated and kind of leather , rubber or synthetic . Circumference of the ball is not less than 75 cm and not more than 78 cm , and weighing not less than 600 grams and not more than 650 grams . The ball is pumped such that if reflected on the floor from a height of 180 cm will soar no less than 120 cm of not more than 140 cm . 2 . 2.1 Mechanical Equipment . For recording the time required at least 2 pieces stopwatch , one for recording and another time for a time-out . 2.2 . Instrument for measuring time 30 sec 2.3 . Paper score ( Scoring Book ) to record / record the match . 2.4 . Cues - scoring board , mark the individual error numbers 1 through 5 , as well as two red flags for teams mistakes . 3 . 3.1 Field . Games rectangular -shaped field with a length of 26 m and a width of 14 m as measured from the edge of the boundary line . Variations in the size of the gathered dengna increase or decrease the length of 2 m , and increase or decrease the size of the width of 1 m . In this field there are several sizes such as : lingakaran middle , and others that are clear and detailed will be described later in the image below . 3.2 . Board Bounce bounce board made ​​of 3 cm thick hardwood or from a suitable transparent material . Reflective board measuring 180 cm long and 120 cm wide .. High board , 275 cm from the surface of the floor to the bottom of the board , and is 120 cm perpendicular distance from the midpoint of the final line of the field . ( More details , see picture ) . 3.3 . Basket Basket consists of the Ring and Jala . The ring of hard iron with diameters of 45 cm orange . Height 305 cm from the surface of the ring floor and surface mounted boards pantaul with a distance of 15 cm . While the mesh consists of a hanged white added to the ring . Long nets 40 cm .